Kemalism is the foundational ideology of the Republic of Turkey, established by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. It embodies principles such as secularism, nationalism, and republicanism, deeply influencing modern Turkish identity and governance.
Kemalism is the foundational ideology of the Republic of Turkey, established by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. It embodies principles such as secularism, nationalism, and republicanism, deeply influencing modern Turkish identity and governance.